[31] Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan, 465; Reed, Campaign to Valley Forge, 139-140; McGuire, The Philadelphia Campaign, 1:260, 269; Harris, Brandywine, 323-369. The forty casualties the unit experienced involved eight, or twenty percent, KIA, sixteen or forty percent WIA and sixteen or forty percent MIA. The official British casualty list detailed 587 casualties: 93 killed, 488 wounded and six rank and file missing unaccounted for. [34] Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783, roll 83. John Brandt, Drum Maj. John Brown, and Fife Maj. James Johnston.[36]. Readers who would like to learn more about the origins of Thomas Paine's thinking that emerged in Rights of Man are invited to view and listen to an online conversation…, Unexpectedly, today, I found your account:'The Widow's Apron: Life, Death, And A forgotten Skirmish Along The Blackstock Road." Based on my schedule, I have been unable to devote the time needed to visit the Archives. The estimated effective strength is based on seventy-two percent of the men on the payroll present and effective for duty. [49] Heitman, Historical Register, 505-6; State of Pennsylvania, Minutes of the Supreme Executive Council of the State of Pennsylvania, Vol. Library and Archives Canada, RG 8, “C” Series, Volume 1906, ; Volume 1907, 1, 49. The estimated effective strength is based on seventy-two percent of the men on the payroll present and effective for duty. Data for December 1777 indicates seventy-two percent of the men on the payroll of the 9th Pennsylvania were actually present for duty; there is no comparable data for the August-September timeframe. Together we can recreate history! The commanding officer, Lt. Col. George Nagel, received a promotion to colonel and served as commanding officer of the 10th Pennsylvania Regiment from February 7, 1778 to July 1, 1778. Recognizing the contributions and sacrifices of all combat veterans from any war is a meaningful American tradition. I am curious to know if you have investigated the pension records for many of the men in the 9th Pennsylvania? As the flanks collapsed, the main line of defense along Birmingham Hill eventually gave way to a British bayonet assault. We feature smart, groundbreaking research and well-written narratives from expert writers. By modern standards this percentage of losses would render a unit combat ineffective. The … The official British casualty list detailed 587 casualties: 93 killed (eight officers, seven sergeants and 78 rank and file); 488 wounded (49 officers, 40 sergeants, four drummers and 395 rank and file); and six rank and file missing unaccounted for Only 40 of the British Army's casualties were Hessians. Most men reported as missing have no further record in the regiment; their names simply disappear from the unit musters. The Battle of Brandywine, also known as the Battle of Brandywine Creek, was fought between the American army of Major General George Washington and the British-Hessian army of General Sir William Howe on September 11, 1777. [2] Charles H. Lesser, The Sinews of Independence: Monthly Strength Reports of the Continental Army (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976), xi-xxix. [4] War Department, 9th Pennsylvania Regiment, 1777-1778, Folders 36-1 to 36-6; Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, roll 83); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington, DC. Table 2: Brandywine Killed in Action by Company. To understand the experience of the 9th Pennsylvania at Brandywine it is first helpful to review the order of battle and provide an overview of events that placed the 9th Pennsylvania on the right flank of the American defensive line on September 11, 1777. Washington, D.C., 1892) 46, 306, 309, 372. Fenn & Co. 1852) 502, 618. This disposition presented a defense in depth against an expected British attack moving from west to east across Brandywine Creek. [39] Five men deserted, four enlisting into Loyalist units.[40]. Battle of Brandywine, (September 11, 1777), in the American Revolution, engagement near Philadelphia in which the British defeated the Americans but left the Revolutionary army intact. The British defeated the Americans and forced them to withdraw toward the rebel capital of Philadelphia. [16] Sterling’s division faced west positioned behind Sullivan’s division and Stephen’s division was just to the south. [8] Trussell’s work fails to capture casualty figures that support the accounts of the intensity of combat the 9th endured as reported by those present on the Brandywine battlefield. [40] Ibid; Todd W. Braisted, 9th Pennsylvania Regiment: Continental Deserters in the Philadelphia Campaign, August 1777 – June 1778 (undated) working papers received electronically September 26, 2015. Can you point me in the direction of other sources pertaining to the 9th Pennsylvania, and particularly the contribution of those from Westmoreland County? (Read more…), Washington tells Congress about the Loss at the Battle of Brandywine. Thank you for confirming my thoughts on the value of a visit to the textual records section of the National Archives to research the pension files of the men of the 9th PA. Five of these men returned within two months and all eleven by June of 1778, with only one recorded death; however, three of these men would eventually desert during May and June 1778. The engagement occurred near Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania during … [43] Braisted, 9th Pennsylvania Regiment: Continental Deserters; Daniel Hogan enlisted November 7, 1777 in the Pennsylvania Loyalists, enlisted by Captain Francis Kearney, listed as a prisoner of the Spanish in muster of April 24, 1780 and exchanged at the Island of Jamaica in the muster of April 25,1782. [48] Maj. Matthew Smith also received a promotion to lieutenant colonel but resigned his commission during February 1778 to serve on the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, representing Lancaster County. [26] Nancy V. Webster, 1777 Battle of Brandywine Driving Tour (Brandywine Battlefield Park Associates, 1986), 2. [49]. [33] Samuel Hazard, ed., Pennsylvania Archives; Series 1, Volume 3 (Philadelphia, PA: Joseph Severns and Company, 1853), 522-523. This video is about reenactment of the Battle of Brandywine on its 240th anniversary. In the fall of 1777, British strategy called for a three-pronged attack coordinated by three separate British armies converging near Albany. Children of Fallen Patriots Foundation provides college scholarships and educational counseling to military children who have lost a parent in the line of duty. [35]  Lesser, The Sinews of Independence, 46, 50, 53, 54. The Battle of Brandywine was the largest single day engagement of the American Revolution where nearly 30,000 soldiers (not including civilians, teamsters, servants, and other members of the army) squared off on a ten square mile area of roughly 35,000 acres. The forces met near Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, as Howe moved to take Philadelphia, then the American capital. Of the men on the company rosters in May 1777, only forty-seven percent remained in July 1778, that is, of the 239 enlisted soldiers serving the regiment in July 1778, only 112 had been in the unit fifteen months earlier. Journal of the American Revolution is the leading source of knowledge about the American Revolution and Founding Era. Only 40 of the British Army's casualties were Hessians. Battle of Eutaw Springs, September 8, 1781 (513) {382 [xi]} About 2,200 Continentals and militia attacked camp of 2,000 British regulars and Loyalists. Table 3: Brandywine Wounded in Action by Company and Disposition, Table 4 presents the sixteen men listed missing after the battle. The lack of adequate reconnaissance, poor roads and urgency in repositioning caused Sullivan to advance directly into the path of the attacking forces. Battle of Brandywine Aftermath . The light dragoons had to retreat back to Elizabethtown after their humiliating defeat. Exhausted from the day’s fight and the long flanking march, the British Army remained on the field and did not pursue the retreating Americans. [13] This discipline was tested on September 11, 1777. I suspect you would find a great deal of satisfaction in reading those accounts as well. [38] Forty total casualties represent a 16.7 percent casualty rate for the regiment based on 239 effectives. [1]  Barak Obama, Remarks by the President at Presentation of the Medal of Honor,  The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, accessed 20 June 2015, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/06/02/remarks-president-presentation-medal-honor. [5] He relied heavily on the Pennsylvania Archives for primary source material, and qualified his research “… not as conclusive information, but as representing the best information which it has been possible to assemble.”[6] The Pennsylvania Archives contain many point-in-time records or fragments rather than comprehensive muster or pay records which, for many units, simply did not survive the challenges of time. During the spring of 1777, Washington assembled elements of the newly formed, but seriously under-strength and untested, eighty-eight-battalion Continental Army in the Hudson River Valley for the 1777 campaign season. The British column deployed about one mile north of Birmingham meeting House on Osborne Hill, in view of the American defenders. [35] Assuming seventy-two percent of the men paid for August were present at Brandywine, the 9th Pennsylvania fielded 239 men assigned to eight different companies, as reflected in Table 1 below, with a regimental headquarters of eleven field and staff officers. From my perspective, the most important information came in the form of anecdotes of individual experiences. [4] A study of this unit sheds new light on the unit strength, leadership, roles in key battles, and most importantly casualties suffered, specifically at the Battle of Brandywine, the unit’s first major engagement. Note 2: Loyalist enlistment records courtesy of research by Todd W. Braisted, Table 4: Brandywine Missing in Action by Company and Disposition. The rebel commander in chief grossly underestimated the marching ability of the British and his opponent’s daring. The battle was inevitable as both camps had been planning for the battle beforehand. Most authors reference the Pennsylvania Archives when presenting casualty numbers and names. [34]  The seventy-two percent present and fit for duty is slightly higher than previously published research addressing the May to December 1777 time period for both Conway’s Brigade and the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment. The Battle of Germantown was a major engagement in the Philadelphia campaign of the American Revolutionary War. [23]  Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan, 466; John F. Reed, Campaign to Valley Forge: July 1, 1777 to December 19, 1777 (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1965), 117-140; Harris, Brandywine, 273. [11] Conway, an Irish Catholic, had served in the French Army gaining combat experience against Frederick the Great prior to traveling to North America to serve with American forces in the Revolution. The surviving primary records and access to them facilitated by modern digitization and collaboration allow researchers with interest in specific units to study the activities of individual soldiers and generalize these actions as trends. [10]  Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783, roll 83; Lesser, The Sinews of Independence, 46, 50; Robert K. Wright, Jr., The Continental Army (Washington, DC: Center for Military History,1983), 91-119. B. Trussel, Jr., The Pennsylvania Line: Regimental Organization and Operations, 1775-1783 (Harrisburg, PA: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1977), 246. Otis G. Hammond (Concord, NH: New Hampshire Historical Society, 1930), 1:458, 474, 563. An estimated 29,000 British and American troops gathered at the fledgling town populated mostly by peaceful Quakers. Sterling and Stephen followed roads, first marching east then turning north and deploying along Birmingham Hill. Out of the sixteen missing men, three were POWs with one enlisting as a Loyalist, later deserting his Loyalist unit to return and desert the 9th Pennsylvania once more. Five additional staff assisted the primary field and staff including: Surgeons Mate Hamilton, Sgt. Christmas Night, 1776: How Did They Cross? Heitman’s data on officers is valuable as a starting point, but contains many errors, specifically with the officer of the 9th Pennsylvania, and must be verified against the muster data and other sources. Even more problematic is the challenge of identifying individual casualties by name. Combatants at the Battle of Isandlwana: Zulu army against a force of British troops, Natal units and African levies. [50] The Continental Congress, the states, General Washington and unit leaders persisted and prevailed when similar losses and personnel turbulence would render units combat ineffective in today’s environment. One unit with relatively complete surviving muster and pay records is the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment during a fifteen month period, May 1777 to July 1778. Journal of the American Revolution also produces annual hardcover volumes, a branded book series, and the podcast, Dispatches. A name-by-name comparison of the company rosters over the fifteen month period between May 1777 and July 1778 proves interesting. The official British casualty list detailed 587 casualties: 93 killed (eight officers, seven sergeants and 78 rank and file); 488 wounded (49 officers, 40 sergeants, four drummers and 395 rank and file); and six rank and file missing unaccounted for. It is because of him that I am a member of the Sons of the American Revolution, and proud of his service to our country! On September 11, 1777, the hamlet of Chadds Ford played host to one of the largest and deadliest battles of the American Revolutionary War, today called the Battle of Brandywine. He was enlisted by Captain Patrick Kennedy and deserted February 27, 1778. Sterling’s division, including the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment, formed on the left with Stephen’s division on the right, facing the British to the north. [25]  Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan, 465; Harris, Brandywine, 272, 278. The war’s dynamic operating environment made accurate record keeping difficult, many localized engagements went unrecorded, and surviving records lack continuity even for larger engagements involving Continental Line units. [41] We can speculate that these companies served on detached duty and were absent from the line of battle. Portions of Sullivan’s broken division, including Hazen’s 2nd Canadian and Ogden’s 1st New Jersey regiments, successfully formed on Sterling’s left or open flank. It was very informative. [50]  Peckham, The Toll of Independence, 130; Wright, The Continental Army, 93; Peter Smith, American Population Before the Federal Census of 1790 (Glouchester, MA: Columbia University Press, 1966), 6-8. [3] Howard Henry Peckman, The Toll of Independence: Engagements & Battle Casualties of the American Revolution (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974), 130. Sterling and Stephens had time to deploy skirmishers in front of their position to attempt to slow the British advance. The center of these three divisions was in the vicinity the Chads House not far from Washington’s headquarters in the Ring House. [42] Braisted, 9th Pennsylvania Regiment: Continental Deserters; Jacob Ringler enlisted November 6, 1777 in the Maryland Loyalists. Only one of the sixteen missing men returned to full duty with the regiment.[44]. It was fought on October 4, 1777, at Germantown, Pennsylvania, between the British Army led by Sir William Howe, and the American Continental Army, with the 2nd Canadian Regiment, under George Washington. These men served in five of the eight companies as listed in Table 3. Leave a roster for posterity! Washington tells Congress about the Loss at the Battle of Brandywine; S; Smith, William; Shaner, Mathias; Sexton, Archibald; Saratoga; Soldiers by Surname; Sexton, Archibald; Soldiers by Unit; McCormick, George; Martin, John; Eaton, Christopher Valentine; Alverson, John; Howe, William; Stoney Point; Sexton, Archibald; Mitchell, Mark; Hooper, Obediah; Agens (Ragen), James In late July 1777, a British armada of more than 260 ships carrying 17,000 British troops under the command of General William Howe landed on the northern end of the Chesapeake Bay, approximately 45 miles southwest of Philadelphia. This article recognizes some of the soldiers who served in the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment at the Battle of Brandywine so that, to echo the President’s comments, for at least a few of these soldiers, we may know who they were and what they did. Today an effort is being made to remedy this oversight by compiling names of soldiers and civilians present that day. The forces met near Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, as Howe moved to take Philadelphia, then the American capital. My 8th generation grandfather was assigned to the 9th Pennsylvania in Henderson’s Company. A minimum of sixteen men received wounds on September 11, 1777. Sullivan’s wing faced two-thirds of Howe’s Army; vastly outnumbered, the Americans engaged in a fight for survival. The 2nd Light Infantry and 2nd British Guards who were involved in some of the fiercest fighting at Brandywine (including hand-to-hand combat) are listed as having lost 612 of 1,740 troops. As you are aware, research never ends. The 9th Pennsylvania provides a model upon which to gage the degree of turbulence experienced by most regimental-sized units in the Continental Line. The casualty data documenting forty men as KIA, WIA or MIA provides an insight into the intensity of combat experienced by the men of the 9th Pennsylvania at Brandywine. [18]  Sullivan,  Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan, 451; Lesser, The Sinews of Independence, 50; McGuire, The Philadelphia Campaign, 1:169. [17] Washington assigned General Sullivan as the overall wing commander of this three-division force made up of six brigades containing about 4,000 soldiers. [31], Payroll data for the month of August 1777 reflects a total 9th Pennsylvania Regimental strength of 332 officer and men. During the attack at Germantown the brigade drove one of the best trained units in the British Army over a mile from their initial defensive positions. [8]  John Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan, Continental Army, ed. La bataille de Brandywine est une bataille de la guerre d'indépendance des États-Unis qui s'est déroulée le 11 septembre 1777, en Pennsylvanie. A Hessian officer listed the American casualty and captured … American General George Washingtonhad positioned his 20,000 Continental soldiers between the Chesapeake and Philadelphia in an attempt to defend the Continental Capital. They collapsed from the flanks to the center, the left collapsing first because of the failure of Sullivan’s division to cover that flank. He fought at Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth, and “at the battle and taking of Lord Cornwallis.” We were fortunate to obtain copies of affidavits in support of his 1818 application for a Revolutionary War pension. I was reluctant to publish the article without first researching the pension files. Sullivan’s division, minus two regiments, occupied the ground east of Brandywine Creek between Chad’s and Brinton’s Fords. Trussell outlines the creation, expansion, contraction, reorganization and reduction of twenty-seven different regimental-sized units between 1775 and 1783. [3] Each of those individuals and many others who suffered both physical and psychological wounds associated with a savage civil war had a name and a story to tell. [29] Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan, 465. [9] This discrepancy prompted a name-by-name analysis of the regiment’s soldiers given on muster and pay records to provide additional clarity on the actual number of casualties, and to measure the intensity of combat. The nearest thing to a hard figure from the American side was by Major General Nathanael Greene, who estimated that Washington's army had lost between 1,200 and 1,300 men. Sterling and Stephen succeeded in deploying and positioning their divisions on reasonably defensible terrain along the crest of the ridge south of Birmingham Meeting House about one mile from the forming British lines. [20]  Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan, 462-466, 549. Captains Bowen’s and Davis’ companies suffered no KIA or WIA at Brandywine and only two MIA, both from Davis’ Company. [46] Montgomery, Pennsylvania Archives, Series 5, Volume 3, 393-394; Francis B. Heitman, Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army During the War of the Revolution. [14] Conway’s performance was a high point in his career in North America. An early morning fog burned off with the dawn, and revealed two long columns of scarlet and blue clad troops. The Battle of Brandywine displayed Washington’s generalship at its worst and at its best. Trussell’s research, sourced primarily from the Pennsylvania Archives, reflects one killed in action (KIA) and one wounded in action (WIA) at Brandywine. In late August 1777, after a distressing 34-day journey from Sandy Hook on the coast of New Jersey, a Royal Navy fleet of more than 260 ships carrying some 17,000 British troops under the command of British General Sir William Howe landed at the head of the Elk River, on the northern end of the Chesapeake Bay near present-day Elkton, Maryland (then known as Head of Elk), approximately 40–50 miles (60–80 km) southwest of Philadelphia. Conway and the 3rd Pennsylvania Brigade passed the test, and as a result of the unit’s performance at Brandywine, Washington selected the brigade as a lead unit in the American attack at Germantown on October 4, 1777. Anthony Wayne’s division also fought a delaying action in the vicinity of Chad’s Ford. After defeating the Continental Army at the Battle of Brandywine on … The Battle of Brandywine, also known as the Battle of Brandywine Creek, was fought between the American army of Major General George Washington and the British-Hessian army of General Sir William Howe on September 11, 1777. On September 11, 1777, General George Washington was determined to prevent the British from capturing the American seat of government, Philadelphia. We believe a college education is the single most important gift we can give these children. The British defeated the Americans and forced them to withdraw toward the rebel capital of Philadelphia. The Battle of Brandywine, also known as the Battle of Brandywine Creek, ... No casualty return for the American army at Brandywine survives and no figures, official or otherwise, were ever released. Note 1:  Quartermaster Sergeant John Brandt was likely taken prisoner by the British along with the regimental wagons, although the record is not clear on this point. Unloading the ships proved to be a logistical proble… On September 11, 1777, American troops clashed with the British in the Battle of Brandywine in Pennsylvania, resulting in an American defeat that allowed the British to easily capture Philadelphia later that month.. Table 1 lists the August 1777 payroll numbers for the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment for each of the eight companies and provides an estimated effective strength for the unit on September 11 at the Battle of Brandywine. Reportedly, only one died of his wounds, however four others eventually deserted. In other words, at least four of sixteen or twenty-five percent of the missing men deserted the revolutionary cause to enlist in Loyalist units within two months of the battle. [38] Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783, roll 83. [13] Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major-General John Sullivan, 577. You can help with this project by submitting names of persons you have come across in your research. The Battle of Brandywine, also known as the Battle of Brandywine Creek, was fought between the American Continental Army of General George Washington and the British Army of General Sir William Howe on September 11, 1777, as part of the American Revolutionary War. [12] Conway was not well liked by his officers possibly because he trained and regularly drilled the brigade, turning it into one of the best disciplined units in the Continental Army. Having conducted similar research into the unit I represent as a reenactor, I found your article quite interesting. [25] Pressed by the attacking British, the 3rd Virginia withdrew to the Birmingham Friends Meeting House, and along with other skirmishers used the cemetery walls as a breastwork[26] before integrating into the main defensive line.[27]. Wounded include one sergeant, one corporal and fourteen privates. Lt. Col. George Nagel served as commanding officer; Maj. Matthew Smith was his regimental major serving as second in command. Conway’s Brigade consisted of the 3rd, 6 th, 9th and 12th Pennsylvania regiments. To name the fallen and those intimately involved is not only an act of gratitude but a reminder of the grit and determination necessary for a citizenry to sustain a democracy. The President remarked, “We know who you are. This was His Majesty's Royal Army, commanded by General Sir William Howe. This position is often referred to as Battle Hill, high ground covered with trees, an excellent defensive position. The Battle of Brandywine, also known as the Battle of Brandywine Creek, was fought between the American Continental Army of General George Washington and the British Army of General Sir William Howe on September 11, 1777, as part of the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783). [21], When Washington received credible intelligence at about 2 p.m. that he was about to be flanked from the north by the main effort of the British Army, he responded by ordering Sullivan’s, Sterling’s and Stephen’s divisions north to block the British advance. We are forever grateful.”[1] The same thanks should be offered to the thousands of soldiers who served, died, were wounded or suffered the stress of intense combat during the American Revolution, but accurate personnel records and casualty numbers for various battles and engagements of the era remain elusive. Brandywine was the first significant combat experienced by the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment. Captain Francis Nichols moved from company command to regimental major. This could account for the lack of KIA or WIA as well as correlating with General Conway’s letter of August 15, 1777 complaining about the weakness of the Pennsylvania regiments, but in reducing the number of men available it would increase the casualty percentages of the portion of the regiment engaged. British Forces was commanded by Gen. William Howe and consisted of about 15,500 Soldiers. [20] Map 1 provides a graphic representation of General Howe’s flanking march and the initial defensive positions of the American forces through approximately 2:00 p.m. September 11, 1777. Loved this article. The primary staff consisted of four men: William Thompson, adjutant; John Tate, paymaster; Thomas Craig, quartermaster; David Love, surgeon. Although the regimental headquarters experienced significant personnel turnover, the regimental senior leadership did not abandon the revolutionary cause nor did they leave their leadership positions because they were ineffective. [23] Map 2 reflects the deployment of British forces along Osborne Hill for the flank attack and the repositioning of American forces consisting of the divisions of Sullivan, Sterling and Stephen to block the British advance. [12] Preston Russell, “The Conway Cabal,” American Heritage 46 (1) (1995): 1, accessed 7 May 2015, http://www.americanheritage.com/content/conway-cabal. [28] Map 3 depicts the British attack on American forces deployed along Birmingham Hill and the American withdrawal. Most accounts of the American loss were from the British side. The data on missing soldiers was much more difficult to extract from the muster and pay records and represents the best data available. The problem I think stems from the fact that there were several people involved in the Revolution named Adam Koch. There seems to be some confusion about where the wounded afore mentioned Adam Koch’s grave (McClellen) is located; one is Pennsylvania and the other North Carolina. The Widow’s Apron: Life, Death, and a Forgotten Skirmish Along the Old Blackstock Road, Ethan Allen’s “Motley Parcel of Soldiery” at Montreal, Best of Dispatches: Michael W. Twitty on the Legacy of African American Cuisine, Peter Francisco: Distinguishing Fact from Fiction, Hospital thru Feb. 1778, no further record, Returned to duty Nov. 1777; deserted 14 June 1778, Hospital Oct. 1777, returned to duty Nov.; deserted 29 May 1778, Hospital thru Feb. 1778; furlough May; returned to duty June 1778, On furlough Feb. 1778; returned to duty June 1778 (Note 2), Hospital Oct. 1778 to Feb. 1778; location unknown May 1778  (Note 3), POW; enlisted in Maryland Loyalists Nov. 6, 1777, deserted Feb. 27, 1778; returned to 9, Missing; enlisted in Maryland Loyalists Nov. 6, 1777 (Note 2), Absent; sick in hospital Dec 1777, no further record, No further record in regiment; enlisted Pennsylvania Loyalists Nov. 6, 1777 (Note 2), Missing; no further record in regiment; enlisted in Royal Hunters Oct. 7, 1777 (Note 2), Missing; sick hospital Oct. 1777 to Feb. 1778; location unknown May & June 1778; possibly enlisted in Maryland Loyalists Nov 6, 1777 (Note 2). 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Help with this project by submitting names of soldiers and civilians present that day of Isandlwana: Zulu Army a! Three divisions was in the vicinity the Chads House not far from ’... Casualties were Hessians three divisions was in the 9th Pennsylvania provides a upon... Pay records and represents the best data available depicts the British side ’ divisions succeeded forming. And July 1778 proves interesting 28 ] Map 3 depicts the British attack moving west. The most important information came in the Ring House and at its worst and at its.... The 3rd, 6 th, 9th and 12th Pennsylvania regiments only one of the British Army 's casualties Hessians. Additional men listed missing after the Battle of Brandywine displayed Washington ’ division! Brigade consisted of about 15,500 soldiers a 16.7 percent casualty rate for the Regiment. 36... Southeastern corner of Pennsylvania and heading toward fledgling America 's capital at Philadelphia advance. Have investigated the pension files ] John Sullivan, Letters and Papers of Major-General John,... Retired from active service when reorganization and reduction of twenty-seven different regimental-sized units between 1775 and 1783 to toward., 372 the article without first researching the pension files to defend the Continental capital from expert.... ] Nagel then retired from active service when reorganization and reduction of twenty-seven different regimental-sized units the. Soldiers and civilians present that day 40 ] of scarlet and blue clad troops American tradition in... Three-Pronged attack coordinated by three separate British armies converging near Albany President remarked, “ ”... A result of his division during the movement to contact, remained with Sterling and Stephen followed,. 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